scoliosis

موضوع: scoliosis الإثنين أبريل 30, 2007 1:18 am

Scoliosis is a complicated deformity that is characterized by both lateral curvature and vertebral rotation. As the disease progresses, the vertebrae and spinous processes in the area of the major curve rotate toward the concavity of the curve. On the concave side of the curve, the ribs are close together. On the convex side, they are widely separated.

As the vertebral bodies rotate, the spinous processes deviate more and more to the concave side and the ribs follow the rotation of the vertebrae. The posterior ribs on the convex side are pushed posteriorly, causing the characteristic rib hump seen in thoracic scoliosis. The anterior ribs on the concave side are pushed anteriorly.

Scoliosis has many causes, and a brief differential diagnosis is listed in the outline below:

Classification of scoliosis

· Nonstructural scoliosis

· postural scoliosis

· compensatory scoliosis

· Transient structural scoliosis

· sciatic scoliosis

· hysterical scoliosis>

· inflammatory scoliosis

· Structural scoliosis

· idiopathic (70 - 80 % of all cases)

· congenital

· neuromuscular

· poliomyelitis

· cerebral palsy

· syringomyelia

· muscular dystrophy

· amyotonia congenita

· Friedreich's ataxia

· neurofibromatosis

· mesenchymal disorders

· Marfan's syndrome

· Morquio's syndrome

· rheumatoid arthritis

· osteogenesis imperfecta

· certain dwarves

· trauma

· fractures

· irradiation

· surgery

Idiopathic genetic scoliosis accounts for about 80 % of all cases of the disorder, and has a strong female predilection (7:1). It can be subclassified into infantile, juvenile and adolescent types, depending upon the age of onset. The most common of these is adolescent scoliosis, which by itself is by far the most common type of idiopathic scoliosis in the United States.

Scoliosis can result from congenital vertebral anomalies. Discovery of these anomalies should prompt a workup for other associated cardiac, genitourinary or vertebral anomalies.

موضوع: رد: scoliosis الأربعاء ماي 02, 2007 9:04 pm

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