السلام عليكم




دى تانى محاضرة فسيولوجى اخدناها


pitutary gland:







it present inside the brain




it represent .5gm so it is very small gland which lies under the hypothalamus

it is divided in to




A- anterior pitutary



connected to the hypothalamus by blood vessels which called(hypothalamohypophyseal circulation



B-posterior pitutary



connected to the hypothalamus by nerve trunk or nerve fibers




hormones of the anterior pitutary




they ara 6 hormones controlled by the hypothalamus



1-adrinocorticotrophic hormone:that control the adrenal cortical gland




2-thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH):that control thyroid gland




*gonadotrophic hormones:that control the overies&testis which includ




3-FSH

LH -4


5-growth hormone


6-prolactin hormone



GROWTH HORMONE



it is protein in nature




the action of the growth hormone




it has effect on growth




1linear growth A-SKELETAL GROWTH




growth hormone cause deposition of calcium&phosphor at the end of the bone till 15-17 years old to convert the epiphyseal cartilage into bone& stimulating the formation of protein(muscl formation(




B-SOFT TISSUE GROWTH




it is responsible 4 the groowth of spleen heart ....etc




N.B:it has noooo effect on the growth of brain or sexal organs




2-the metabolism




it is called anapolic hormone: as it increase the protein formation by increase the amino acid in blood & increase transporting of amino acid from blood to in side the cell




3- making hyper glycimia




by increasing glucose in blood & decreasing the transport of it into the cell to generate energy that is essential for protein formation so it is called diabetic hormone




4-increasing lipids formation in blood




the regulation of the growth hormone




it is increased in




1-increase the growth hormone releasing factor from the hypothalamus




2-decreasing of glucose or libids




3- sleeping




while it is decreased in




-1 increasing the level of growth hormone inhibitig factor




2-increase of glucose or libids




3-cortizon




THE ABNORMALITIES




1 -in the case of excessive decreas of the growth hormone




A-dowarfism




B-infantlism




in the case og excessive increasing of the growth -2-hormone




A-gaigintism




B-acromigally






وفاضل جزء صغير من المحاضرة هكتبه بكره ان شاء الله




واتمنى انى اكون فدتكم واسالكم الدعاء

اخوكم اســـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــلام

وده تانى جزء من المحاضرة


و على الردود



HOROMNES OF THE POSTERIOR PITUTARY


1-antidioratic hormone

2-oxytocin


ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE


it is called vaso pressine


THE ACTION OF THE HORMONE


1-prevent water exceration through the kideny

2-make narrowing of the blood vessels in large doses as in hemorrhage

3-contraction of smooth muscle& hollow organs(collic) as small intestine


THE REGULATION OF THE HORMONE



it is increased in


1-increase the osmotic presssure of extracellular fluid

that cause dhydration of the osmsoreceptors in the hypothalamus this result in increase the permeability of the receptors to NA ions

2-decrease the blood volum that decrease the secretion of the hormone as in hemorrhage



it is decreased in


1-decreasing in osmotic pressure of (ECF)that cause hydration of the osmoreceptors ane inhibit the hormone secretion

2-substances as Ethanol

N.B:the deficiency of that hormone lead to condition known as diabetes insipidus


OXYTOCIN HORMONE


it causes contraction of uterine during delivery

والدكتورة شرحت جزء بسيط من الثيروايد جلاند بس جزء صغير ملحقتش اكتبه وان شاء الله المحاضرة الجاية اجبلكم الثيرويد كلها

اخوكم اسلام